What is a hernia?
A hernia is a soft bulge, usually in the groin (inguinal), at the navel (umbilical) or along an old surgical scar (incisional). It appears when fat or a loop of intestine pushes through a weak point in the muscle wall. The bulge often shows when you stand, cough or lift, and may disappear when you lie down.
Does every hernia need surgery?
A hernia does not go away on its own and tends to grow slowly. Small hernias with no pain can sometimes be watched, but surgery is usually advised when the hernia is painful, growing, or interferes with work. Surgery is urgent if the bulge becomes hard, very painful and cannot be pushed back, with vomiting, this can mean the intestine is trapped (strangulated) and is an emergency.
Open or laparoscopic repair?
In both, the surgeon pushes the contents back and strengthens the weak spot, usually with a mesh. Open repair uses one cut over the hernia. Laparoscopic repair uses three small cuts and a camera; it usually means less pain, a quicker return to work and is well suited to hernias on both sides or a hernia that has come back. The surgeon will recommend one based on the hernia, your health and previous operations.
Before and after the operation
You will have blood tests and an anaesthesia check, and be told when to stop eating. Most patients go home the same day or the next. Walking starts the same day. Mild pain and bruising for a week is normal. Avoid heavy lifting for about four to six weeks; desk work is often possible within a week or two.
Questions to ask
Which repair do you recommend for me and why? Will a mesh be used? What is the written estimate, and what could change it? How soon can I go back to my work? What signs after discharge mean I should call?
When to see a doctor straight away
A hernia bulge that suddenly becomes hard, painful or discoloured, cannot be pushed back, or comes with vomiting or fever. Do not wait, come to the hospital or call +91 89517 23114.
This guide is general information. It cannot replace an examination. If you have symptoms, please see a doctor. Medical disclaimer.
Treatment for this at Disha Hospital: General Surgery department.